Diabetes is a disease in which the body either does not produce insulin, or is unable to use the insulin that is produced. Insulin is a hormone that is needed to convert sugar, starches and other food into energy needed for daily life. This condition affects around 20.8 million people in the United States (7% of the population). Out of this group, an estimated 14.6 million have been diagnosed with diabetes, while 6.2 million people are unaware that they have this disease.

There are two different types of diabetes, called Type 1 and Type 2. If left untreated, diabetes can result in a variety of complications including heart disease, kidney disease, eye disease, impotence and nerve damage.



Type 1 diabetes is an auto-immune disease where the body's immune system destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. This type of diabetes, also known as juvenile-onset diabetes because of when it usually presents itself, accounts for 10-15% of all people with the disease. No one really knows what causes type 1 diabetes, but researchers agree that it cannot be prevented by any type of diet, lifestyle choice or medication. People who have Type 1 diabetes have to inject themselves with insulin shots several times a day and follow a careful diet and exercise program.

Type 2 diabetes is the most common form of diabetes, affecting 85-90% of all people with the disease. This type of diabetes, also known as late-onset diabetes, is characterized by insulin resistance and relative insulin deficiency. The disease is strongly genetic in origin but lifestyle factors such as excess weight, inactivity, high blood pressure and poor diet are major risk factors for its development. People with type 2 diabetes are twice as likely to suffer cardiovascular disease. Type 2 diabetes may be treated by dietary changes, exercise and medication.

• Enjoy balanced meals and snacks throughout the day
• Be physically active and maintain a healthy weight
• Keep your blood pressure and cholesterol levels close to your target range
• Monitor your blood levels and take your medication as prescribed
• Reduce the stress in your life

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